PyVirtualDisplay

About

pyvirtualdisplay is a python wrapper for Xvfb, Xephyr and Xvnc

Links:

• home: https://github.com/ponty/pyvirtualdisplay
• documentation: http://pyvirtualdisplay.readthedocs.org
• PYPI: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyvirtualdisplay

Features:

• python wrapper
• supported python versions: 2.7, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6
• back-ends: Xvfb, Xephyr, Xvnc

Warning

at least one back-end should be installed

Known problems:

• only a few back-end options are supported

Possible applications:

• GUI testing
• automatic GUI screenshot

Basic usages

Start Xephyr:

from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
xephyr=Display(visible=1, size=(320, 240)).start()

Create screenshot of xmessage with Xvfb:

from easyprocess import EasyProcess
from pyvirtualdisplay.smartdisplay import SmartDisplay
with SmartDisplay(visible=0, bgcolor='black') as disp:
    with EasyProcess('xmessage hello'):
        img = disp.waitgrab()
img.show()

Installation

General

• install Xvfb or Xephyr or Xvnc.

• install pip

• optional: pyscreenshot and PIL should be installed for smartdisplay submodule

• install the program:

  # as root
  pip install pyvirtualdisplay
  

Ubuntu 14.04

sudo apt-get install python-pip
sudo apt-get install xvfb xserver-xephyr vnc4server
sudo pip install pyvirtualdisplay
# optional
sudo apt-get install python-pil scrot
sudo pip install pyscreenshot
# optional for examples
sudo pip install entrypoint2

Uninstall

# as root
pip uninstall pyvirtualdisplay

Usage

GUI Test

Testing gnumeric on low resolution:

#-- include('examples/lowres.py') --#
from easyprocess import EasyProcess
from pyvirtualdisplay import Display

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # start Xephyr
    Display(visible=1, size=(320, 240)).start()
    # start Gnumeric
    EasyProcess('gnumeric').start()
#-#

Image:

Screenshot

Create screenshot of xmessage in background:

#-- include('examples/screenshot3.py') --#
'''
using :keyword:`with` statement
'''
from easyprocess import EasyProcess
from pyvirtualdisplay.smartdisplay import SmartDisplay

if __name__ == "__main__":
    with SmartDisplay(visible=0, bgcolor='black') as disp:
        with EasyProcess('xmessage hello'):
            img = disp.waitgrab()


    img.show()
#-#

Image:

vncserver

#-- include('examples/vncserver.py') --#
'''
Example for Xvnc backend
'''

from easyprocess import EasyProcess
from pyvirtualdisplay.display import Display

if __name__ == "__main__":
    with Display(backend='xvnc', rfbport=5904) as disp:
        with EasyProcess('xmessage hello') as proc:
            proc.wait()
#-#

xauth

Some programs require a functional Xauthority file. PyVirtualDisplay can generate one and set the appropriate environment variables if you pass use_xauth=True to the Display constructor. Note however that this feature needs xauth installed, otherwise a pyvirtualdisplay.xauth.NotFoundError is raised.

Hierarchy

API

class pyvirtualdisplay.Display(backend=None, visible=False, size=(1024, 768), color_depth=24, bgcolor='black', use_xauth=False, **kwargs)

Common class

Parameters:

• color_depth – [8, 16, 24, 32]
• size – screen size (width,height)
• bgcolor – background color [‘black’ or ‘white’]
• visible – True -> Xephyr, False -> Xvfb
• backend – ‘xvfb’, ‘xvnc’ or ‘xephyr’, ignores visible
• xauth – If a Xauthority file should be created.

start()

start display

Return type:self

stop()

stop display

Return type:self